Sites

Pond, Peter. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 - English
URL: http://www.bartleby.com/65/po/Pond-Pet.html

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1740–1807, American fur trader and explorer of the Old Northwest, b. Milford, Conn. He served in the French and Indian War and in 1765 became a western trader from Detroit. He later removed to Mackinac and made journeys (1773–75) to the upper Mississippi River country and to Wisconsin.

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Handbook of Texas Online: PEZ Y MALZARRAGA, ANDRES DE - English
URL: http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/print/PP/fpe55.html

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Andrés de Pez, son of Capt. Andrés de Pez y Capetillo and María de Malzárraga, was born in Cádiz, Spain, and christened in the cathedral there on July 10, 1657. At the age of sixteen he entered the naval guard as an ordinary soldier.

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Handbook of Texas Online: PEREZ DE LUXAN, DIEGO - English
URL: http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/print/PP/fpe84.html

Diego Pérez de Luxán entered the recorded annals of Texas and New Mexico history through a narrow window of time, but his observations during the years 1582-83 are nonetheless very important. Spaniards under the leadership of Francisco

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John Palliser's Exploration of the Canadian Rockies - English
URL: http://www.ourheritage.net/index_page_stuff/Following_Trails/Palliser/Palliser_R

In 1978 with the help from the Explorations Programme of the Canada Council I researched, retraced and documented the route followed by Thomas Blakiston of the Palliser Expedition in 1858 through the Canadian Rockies. Blakiston did a wonderful job describing everything he saw and there was little trouble figuring out his route. In 1983 with the support of the Alberta Historical Resources Foundation I followed James Hector's route of exploration and was thrilled to find his landscape descriptions easy follow.

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Handbook of Texas Online: OLIVARES, ANTONIO DE SAN BUENAVENTURA Y - English
URL: http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/print/OO/fol4.html

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At the end of the seventeenth century, Antonio de San Buenaventura y Olivares was an aging and often cantankerous priest who had spent many years as missionary in the province of Zacatecas.

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Historical Biographies, Nova Scotia: Pierre Du Gua de Monts (c1558-1628). - English
URL: http://blupete.com/Hist/BiosNS/1600-00/Monts.htm

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Not much can be said about de Monts' earlier years. He "distinguished himself fighting in the cause of Henri IV during the religious wars in France." (DCB.) He thus had developed good connections at court and was able to secure an exclusive trading licence in respect to North American fur. The fur trade was one in which it was thought money could be made, since, during these times, the European smart set wished to be decked out in furs. These furs, as the returning fishermen could show, were obtainable by trading with the natives of North America.

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Handbook of Texas Online: MEZIERES, ATHANASE DE - English
URL: http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/print/MM/fme69.html

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Athanase de Mézières y Clugny, the son of Louis Christophe de Mézières and Marie Antoinette Clugny, was born to nobility in Paris and was baptized on March 26, 1719. His career as an infantryman in Louisiana began in the early 1730s. Over the next thirty years he served as ensign, lieutenant, and captain. In the 1740s he was assigned to the French outpost at Natchitoches, where in 1746 he married Marie Petronille Feliciane de St. Denis, the daughter of Louis Juchereau and Manuela Sánchez Navarro de St. Denis.

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Handbook of Texas Online: DOMINGUEZ DE MENDOZA, JUAN - English
URL: http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/print/DD/fdo52.html

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Juan Domínguez de Mendoza was born in 1631 and went to New Mexico at age twelve. In 1654 he accompanied the expedition of Diego de Guadalajaraqv from Santa Fe to the juncture of the three branches of the Concho River near the site of present San Angelo. Few details of the expedition are known. On expeditions from Santa Fe and El Paso del Norteqv in 1654 and 1683-84, Domínguez de Mendoza probably saw more of the Texas plains than any previous Spanish explorer.

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Discoverers Web: Mendana - English
URL: http://www.win.tue.nl/~engels/discovery/mendana.html

Following Mexico's establishment of a colony in the Philippines, the work of Spanish exploration in the Pacific was taken over by Peru. There were several legends of the Incas telling of rich lands lying westward of South America, and these tales stirred keen interest in one Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa. He was a historian, mathematician and astronomer who persuaded the Spanish government to mount an expedition with the express purpose of searching for Terra Australis.

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Handbook of Texas Online: MARES, JOSE - English
URL: http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/print/MM/fma44.html

José Mares was a successful pathfinder between New Mexico and Spanish Texas.qv His most notable expedition was closely tied to the arrival in Santa Fe of Pedro Vialqv on May 26, 1787. Vial, who wrote only in French, had kept a diary of his trek from San Antonio by way of Taovaya villages on the Red River. By early July the governor of New Mexico had examined the translated diary and perhaps concluded that Vial had not found the shortest route between the two capitals.

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Handbook of Texas Online: MARCY, RANDOLPH BARNES - English
URL: http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/print/MM/fma43.html

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Randolph Barnes Marcy, United States Army officer and Western explorer, was born on April 9, 1812, in Greenwich, Massachusetts, the eldest son of Leban and Fanny (Howe) Marcy. On July 1, 1828, he entered the United States Military Academy at West Point, where he graduated twenty-ninth in the class of 1832. On July 1 he was brevetted a second lieutenant in the Fifth Infantry. In 1833 he married Mary A. Mann, the daughter of Gen. Jonas Mann of Syracuse, New York.

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Jennifer Richart's Presentation - English
URL: http://muweb.millersville.edu/~columbus/papers/richart.html

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"La Malinche; the Mexican Eve"

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La Malinche - Harlot or Heroine? - English
URL: http://www.mexconnect.com/mex_/history/malinche.html

La Malinche." Slave, interpreter, secretary, mistress, mother of the first "Mexican." her very name still stirs up controversy. Many Mexicans continue to revile the woman called Doña Marina by the Spaniards and La Malinche by the Aztecs, labeling her a traitor and harlot for her role as the alter-ego of Cortes as he conquered Mexico.

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Handbook of Texas Online: NIZA, MARCOS DE - English
URL: http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/print/NN/fni9.html

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Marcos de Niza, a controversial Franciscan explorer, may have led the first European expedition to explore purposefully what is today the American Southwest. His report of having seen one of the Seven Cities of Cíbolaqv in 1539 launched the first large-scale Spanish exploration of the interior of North America.

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Handbook of Texas Online: CASTILLO MALDONADO, ALONSO - English
URL: http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/print/CC/fcaaz.html

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Alonso Castillo Maldonado, early Spanish explorer and Indian captive, a native of the Spanish university town of Salamanca, was the son of a physician and Aldonza Maldonado; both his parents were members of the Spanish nobility. As a well-bred but impoverished hidalgo, Castillo sought fame and fortune in the New World. He volunteered in 1527 as a captain in the expedition of Pánfilo de Narváezqv to Florida.

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Discoverers Web: Quesada - English
URL: http://www.win.tue.nl/~engels/discovery/quesada.html

A lawyer by training, Jimenez de Quesada was appointed chief justice of Santa Marta colony (on the north coast of Colombia), where he arrived in 1535 with the fleet of Pedro Fernandez de Lugo. In 1536 he was commissioned by de Lugo to command an expedition to explore southwards into the interior of Colombia. A land party under Quesada, with Hernan Perez de Quesada (his brother), Juan San Martin, Juan del Junco (as second in command) and Lazaro Fonte, struck south from Santa Marta, crossed the Rio Cesar, and arrived at Tamalameque on the Magdalena River.

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Handbook of Texas Online: JARRY, JEAN - English
URL: http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/print/JJ/fja47.html

Jean Jarry (Jean Henri, Jean Gery) was a deserter from the La Salle expeditionqv (1685) who took residence among the Coahuiltecan Indians in what is now Kinney County, Texas, and held sway over them as their ruler. The location is generally believed to be Anacacho Mountain, some fifteen miles southeast of Brackettville, Texas. Coahuila governor Alonso De León,qv fearful of a French-inspired Indian uprising, arrived at the Indian village on May 30, 1688, and persuaded Jarry to return with him to Monclova.

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Irala, Domingo Martнnez de - English
URL: http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0825444.html

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d. 1556 or 1557, first governor of Paraguay. Of Basque origin, he accompanied Pedro de Mendoza on his expedition to La Plata in 1535. As the first governor in America elected by a free vote of the colonists, he founded in Asunción the first cabildo in America. Under his administration, the city was a center for further colonization and a point of departure for Peru.

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Bruno de Hezeta - English
URL: http://www.hallman.org/indian/bodega.html

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Also known as Heçeta and Ezeta, Spain, 1750?-?. 1775: Follows the American Northwest coast upto 49° North (near Nootka). On the return voyage discovers the mouth of the Columbia.

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"Hennepin's Story of La Salle in Indiana" - English
URL: http://muweb.millersville.edu/~columbus/data/art/DOLLE-01.ART

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by Raymond F. Dolle in "Indiana English" (Vol. 12, No. 1, Fall 1988, pp. 4-7).

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