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de facto - ÒÀÐÄ (Tarde) Ãàáðèýëü - Russian
URL: http://defacto.examen.ru/ExamineBase.nsf/Display?OpenAgent&Pagename=defacto.html

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Ôðàíö. ñîöèîëîã, îäèí èç îñíîâîïîëîæíèêîâ ñîöèàëüíîé ïñèõîëîãèè è ãëàâíûõ ïðåäñòàâèòåëåé ïñèõîëîãè÷åñêîãî íàïðàâëåíèÿ â ñîöèîëîãèè. Ñòðåìèëñÿ îñâîáîäèòü ñîöèîëîãèþ îò áèîëîãèçìà è îðãàíèöèçìà, ïîëåìèçèðîâàë ñ Äþðêãåéìîì è åãî øêîëîé ñ ïîçèöèé íîìèíàëèçìà. Ò. ñðàâíèâàë îá-âî ñ ìîçãîì, êëåòêîé ê-ðîãî ÿâë. ñîçíàíèå îòäåëüíîãî ÷åëîâåêà.  ïðîòèâîïîëîæíîñòü Äþðêãåéìó ñ÷èòàë îá-âî ïðîäóêòîì âçàèìîäåéñòâèÿ èíäèâèäóàëüíûõ ñîçíàíèé ÷åðåç ïåðåäà÷ó ëþäüìè äðóã äðóãó è óñâîåíèå èìè âåðîâàíèé, óáåæäåíèé, æåëàíèé, íàìåðåíèé è ò. ä.

[ rus ]

TARDE, GABRIEL (1843—1904) - English
URL: http://3.1911encyclopedia.org/T/TA/TARBUSH.htm

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French sociologist, was born at Sarlat (Dordogne) in 1843. Entering the legal profession, he was for some time a juge d’instruction in his native town, becoming afterwards head of the statistical department of the ministry of justice. He also held the professorship of modern philosophy at the College de France in Paris, and was elected a member of the Académie des sciences Inorales Ct politiques in 1900.

[ eng ]

Tarde, Gabriel de - English
URL: http://www.slider.com/enc/51000/Tarde_Gabriel_de.htm

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French sociologist and criminologist. During his years of public service as a magistrate, he became interested in the psychosocial bases of crime. In Penal Philosophy (1890, tr. 1912) and other early works he criticized the concept of the atavistic criminal as developed by Cesare Lombroso.

[ eng ]

Tarde, Gabriel de - English
URL: http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0847856.html

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1843–1904, French sociologist and criminologist. During his years of public service as a magistrate, he became interested in the psychosocial bases of crime. In Penal Philosophy (1890, tr. 1912) and other early works he criticized the concept of the atavistic criminal as developed by Cesare Lombroso.

[ eng ]

Tarde, Gabriel de. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 - English
URL: http://www.bartleby.com/65/ta/Tarde-Ga.html

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1843–1904, French sociologist and criminologist. During his years of public service as a magistrate, he became interested in the psychosocial bases of crime. In Penal Philosophy (1890, tr. 1912) and other early works he criticized the concept of the atavistic criminal as developed by Cesare Lombroso.

[ eng ]