Sites

Sudan History - English
URL: http://www.emulateme.com/history/sudhist.htm

From Early era to the Nimeiri era, 1969-85.

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Kingdoms of the Medieval Sudan - English
URL: http://xavier.xula.edu/jrotondo/Kingdoms/welcome.html

An electronic exploration of the history of the African states of Songhay, Kanem-Bornu, and Hausaland. "Kingdoms" is a component of "Sacred and Secular in the African Americas ," an electronic project devoted to the African American humanities.

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Sudan: a political and military history - English
URL: http://news6.thdo.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/africa/newsid_84000/84927.stm

A short history of Sudan and its recent troubles.

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History of North & South Sudan - English
URL: http://www.reconciliationnetwork.org/sudan_history.htm

Northern Sudan and South Sudan: Two Separate Countries.

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History of Sudan - English
URL: http://www.sudanupdate.org/history/histo.htm

Overview - from Minority Rights Group "Sudan - Minorities in Conflict") 1995. 100 years in brief. Chronology for 1995 Minority Rights Group report "Sudan: Minorities in Conflict". Oil and conflict timeline from "Raising the Stakes - Oil and Conflict in Sudan" (Dec 1999). Chronological digest of peace meetings and proposals, 1983-1999.

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History of Sudan - English
URL: http://motherearthtravel.com/sudan/history.htm

A one page history of Sudan.

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Kush Civilization: Black Africa's Earliest Civilisation - English
URL: http://www.culturekiosque.com/art/exhibiti/index_se.htm

The exhibition currently running at the Institut du Monde Arabe in Paris until 31 August 1997, "KUSH, Kingdoms on the Nile", highlights some of the rivalries and grievances which have been smouldering since the twilight of time.

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History of Sudan - English
URL: http://www.worldrover.com/history/sudan_history.html

Sudan was a collection of small, independent states from the beginning of the Christian era until 1820-21, when Egypt conquered and unified the northern portion of the country. Although Egypt claimed all of present Sudan during most of the 19th century, it was unable to establish effective control of southern Sudan, which remained an area of fragmented tribes subject to frequent attacksby slave raiders.

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ArabNet -- Sudan, History - English
URL: http://www.arab.net/sudan/history/sudan_history.html

Egyptian influence. Romans & Christians. The Ottomans & Islam. European dominance & the Mahdist movement. Anglo-Egyptian sovereignty & the Republic. Civil wars.

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Sudan: A Historical Perspective - English
URL: http://www.sudan.net/society/history.html

Man has lived in the Sudan for at least nine million years and the valley of the Nile which wanders more than 4,000 miles from the lakes of Central Africa to the Mediterranean may well he the cradle of civilisation rather than the Euphrates. About four centuries before Christ the Ox-driven water wheel which still plays a vital role in the country's economy, was introduced to the Sudan. At the same time came camels, brought with them by the Persians when Cambyses invaded Egypt in 525 BC.

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Sudanese and Sufi history - English
URL: http://www.uib.no/hi/sudan.html

Since 1972, when O'Fahey came to the Department of History, University of Bergen as a University Research Fellow, there has been a growing programme of research on the Sudan and Sufism or Islamic mysticism. The main areas of specialisation are the pre-co lonial history of Sudanic Africa (especially the area of the modern Sudan Republic), religious, especially Sufism, and literary history.

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Images from World History: Ancient Sudan - English
URL: http://www.hp.uab.edu/image_archive/um/uml.html

Kingdom of Meroe (4th c. B.C. to 325 A.D.). Pyramids from the Northern Cemetery at Meroë, 3rd c. B.C. to 4th c. A.D. By the 4th c. B.C., the Kushite kings had moved south to the Sudanese savannah and built a capitol at Meroë. Here southern cultural traditions slowly prevailed over the cultural heritage of Egypt.

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