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AllRefer Encyclopedia - Johann Ludwig Burckhardt (Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors) - Encyclopedia - English
URL: http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/B/BurckharJL.html

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European explorer, b. Switzerland, educated in Germany. Supported by an English association for promoting African discovery, he visited Egypt and Syria (1809–13), rediscovered Petra (1812), then, posing as a learned Muslim, he became the first Christian to reach Medina.

[ eng ]

Burckhardt, Johann Ludwig. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 - English
URL: http://www.bartleby.com/65/bu/BurckharJL.html

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European explorer, b. Switzerland, educated in Germany. Supported by an English association for promoting African discovery, he visited Egypt and Syria (1809–13), rediscovered Petra (1812), then, posing as a learned Muslim, he became the first Christian to reach Medina. He died while preparing to set out from Upper Egypt for his original goal, the Niger River. Included in his Travels in Arabia (1829) is a notable account of Mecca.

[ eng ]

1Up Info - Burckhardt, Johann Ludwig (Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors) - Encyclopedia - English
URL: http://www.1upinfo.com/encyclopedia/B/BurckharJL.html

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1784–1817, European explorer, b. Switzerland, educated in Germany. Supported by an English association for promoting African discovery, he visited Egypt and Syria (1809–13), rediscovered Petra (1812), then, posing as a learned Muslim, he became the first Christian to reach Medina. He died while preparing to set out from Upper Egypt for his original goal, the Niger River.

[ eng ]

Áóðêõàðäò Èîãàíí Ëþäâèã - Russian
URL: http://www.zoohall.com.ua/findex.php?page=http://zoohall.com.ua/leftframes/ecolo

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(1784-1817) — øâåéöàðñêèé ïóòåøåñòâåííèê. Ïîëîæèë íà÷àëî èññëåäîâàíèþ Íóáèè. Ïóòåøåñòâîâàë ïî çàäàíèþ áðèòàíñêîé «Àôðèêàíñêîé àññîöèàöèè».  1813-1814 ãîäàõ ñîâåðøèë äâå ïîåçäêè íà þã îò Àñóàíà, îçíàêîìèëñÿ ñ äîëèíîé Íèëà è êàðàâàííûìè äîðîãàìè ÷åðåç Íóáèéñêóþ ïóñòûíþ ìåæäó Àñóàíîì è Øåíäè (âûøå óñòüÿ Àòáàðû, ïðàâîãî ïðèòîêà Íèëà). Âî âòîðîì ïóòåøåñòâèè ïðîåõàë îò Øåíäè äî Ñóàêííà íà Êðàñíîì ìîðå, îáñëåäîâàâ ïî ïóòè «íèæíåå òå÷åíèå Àòáàðû. Óìåð â Êàèðå îò äèçåíòåðèè.

[ rus ]

Burckhardt, Johann Ludwig - German
URL: http://www.snl.ch/dhs/externe/protect/textes/D17075.html

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Unter dem Pseudonym Scheich Ibrahim ausgedehnte Reisen in Syrien, dem Libanon, Transjordanien, Ägypten, Nubien, Arabien und dem Sinai. 1812 Entdeckung von Petra (heute Jordanien), 1813 als erster Europäer in Abu Simbel (Ägypten). 1814 Besuch der hl. Stätten in Mekka und Medina, B. konvertierte vorgängig vermutlich zum Islam.

[ deu ]