Sites

Collapse -- Mali & Songhai - English
URL: http://www.learner.org/exhibits/collapse/mali.html

Explore the fall of civilizations through four examples: the ancient Maya, Mesopotamia, the Anasazi, and the medieval African empires of Mali and Songhai. Learn about important concepts in archeology such as interpreting evidence and dating artifacts. In a web-based activity, search for clues to what happened at the Maya center of Copan.

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History of Mali - English
URL: http://www.worldrover.com/history/mali_history.html

Malians express great pride in their ancestry. Mali is the cultural heir to the succession of ancient African empires--Ghana, Malinke, and Songhai--that occupied the West African savannah. These empires controlled Saharan trade and were in touch with Mediterranean and Middle Eastern centers of civilization.

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Civilizations in Africa: Mali - English
URL: http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/CIVAFRCA/MALI.HTM

The second great Sahelian kingdom was that of Mali. The Sahel is the savannah region south of the Sahara which, after 750 AD, became the center of culturally and politically dynamic cities and kingdoms because of the strategic importance of the Sahel for trade across north Africa.

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Mansa Masu: Songhai Empire - English
URL: http://www2.wcoil.com/~mdecker/mansa.htm

Mansa Musa was an important Malian king from 1312 to 1337 expanding the Mali influence over the Niger city-states of Timbuktu, Gao, and Djenne.

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Sundiata - English
URL: http://www2.wcoil.com/~mdecker/sundiata.htm

Below is a summary of the story told by Djeli Mamadou Kouyate (ArtsEdge 1997), from the village of Djeliba Koro, Guinea, not far from the former capital of the Malian Empire (djele if the Manding word for griot).

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History of Mali - English
URL: http://www2.wcoil.com/~mdecker/histmali.htm

Descendants of the Manding Empire or Empire of Mali are spread throughout Mali, Guinea, Gambia, Senegal, Cote d’Ivoire, Burkina Faso and Guinea-Bissau. While they may never again know the unity they had before 1468, they still depend on their griots -- or jelis as they are know among the Manding -- to remind them of their place in history.

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