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Explorers: Africa | |
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| | | Strabo [10] | ||
| | Henry the Navigator [24] |
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Юнкер Василий (Вильгельм) Васильевич
(1840-1892) — российский исследователь Африки. В 1876-1878 и 1879-1886 годах совершил два путешествия в Центральную Африку. Исследовал реку Узле и водораздел между реками Нил и Конго. [rus] |
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Du Chaillu, Paul Belloni
1831–1903, French-American explorer in Africa. Born probably in Paris, he spent his youth on the west coast of Africa, where his father was a trader in Gabon. There he learned the native languages and became interested in exploring the interior. Arriving in the United States in 1852, he became a citizen and gained the support of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences for an expedition to explore Gabon. [eng] |
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Johnston, Sir Harry Hamilton
1858–1927, British explorer and colonial official. His early interest in the natural sciences was combined with his concern for the political problems of colonial Africa. He began his first trip to sub-Saharan Africa in 1882 and in 1883 encountered Henry Morton Stanley in the Congo Basin. [eng] |
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Park, Mungo
1771–1806, British explorer in Africa, b. Selkirk, Scotland. After serving as a surgeon with the East India Company, he was employed by the African Association to explore the course of the Niger River. Traveling NE from the Gambia River, he reached the Niger at Segu and proceeded 300 mi (483 km) upstream to Bamako. [eng] |
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Discoverers Web: Gil Eannes
Portuguese navigator Eannes originally was a household servant and shield-bearer of Henry the Navigator. Sent on a number of voyages along the coast of northwest Africa, Eannes became the first to round Cape Bojador. The cape was regarded at that time as the edge of the known world, navigation along that coast being particularly difficult. The coast itself has a sinister appearance; off Cape Nonn the sea is red, discolored by the desert sands blown offshore. Beyond Cape Nonn the currents strike the coast obliquely, and heavy swells from the northwest endanger passage through the straight off Cape Juby. [eng] |
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Emin Pasha
1840–92, German explorer, whose original name was Eduard Schnitzer. A physician, he served (1876–78) under Gen. Charles Gordon in Sudan as a district medical officer. In 1878 he succeeded Gordon as governor of Equatoria, the southernmost province of the Egyptian Sudan. [eng] |
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Johnson, Martin Elmer
1884–1937, American explorer and author, b. Rockford, Ill. He left home at 14 to work his way to Europe on a cattle boat, returning as a stowaway. He then joined the crew of Jack London's round-the-world cruise on the Snark, and was the only member of the party to complete the trip. His interest in photographing wildlife and native tribes seen on this voyage led him to make several trips for this purpose to the South Sea Islands and Borneo before undertaking (1921) the African expeditions for which he is best known. [eng] |
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Chaillй-Long, Charles
, 1842–1917, American soldier, African explorer, and writer, b. Princess Anne, Md. After serving in the Civil War, he was commissioned (1869) in the Egyptian army under Gen. C. G. Gordon. Chaillй-Long explored the Victoria Nile and was awarded a medal by the American Geographical Society. In 1875 he crossed the Congo-Nile divide to the Bahr al Ghazal region. [eng] |
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Speke, John Hanning
1827–64, English explorer in Africa. He joined Sir Richard Burton in his expeditions to Somaliland (1854) and to E central Africa (1857–59). Together they discovered (1858) Lake Tanganyika; then Speke continued alone and discovered Lake Victoria, which he believed to be a source of the Nile. In 1862 he returned to the lake and proved that the Victoria Nile issues from the north end over Ripon Falls. He wrote Journal of the Discovery of the Source of the Nile (1863). [eng] |
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Эвлия Челеби
(1611-1682 или 1683), турецкий путешественник, географ, писатель. 10-томная «Книга путешествий» («История путешественника») — ценный источник сведений по истории многих стран Европы, Азии и Африки. [rus] |
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Ковалевский Егор Петрович
(1811-1868) — русский путешественник, дипломат и писатель. В течение восьми лет (1857-1865) был помощником председателя Русского географического общества, а с февраля 1865 года — его почетным членом. Во время путешествия по Африке (1847-1848) внес большой вклад в разрешение «нильской проблемы» [rus] |
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Discoverers Web: Speke and Grant
John Hanning Speke, who had already fought in the British army in India, first became an explorer in 1854, when he joined Richard Burton on a voyage of exploration to Somaliland and eastern Ethiopia. When in 1856 Burton was again sent out to Africa, this time to search for the source of the Nile in East Africa, he again chose Speke as his second-in-command. Together they discovered Lake Tanganyika, and while Burton lay ill, Speke on his own discovered Lake Victoria. For more on these voyages, see Richard Burton. [eng] |
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Discoverers Web: The coast of Africa
In the history of exploration, 1414 is often taken as an important breaking point, the start of the 'Age of Discovery'. In that year, the Portuguese attacked the Moroccan city of Ceuta. One of the Portuguese was Henry (known as 'Henry the Navigator'), the third son of king John I. He noticed that there was an extensive and profitable trade between the Moroccan cities and gold countries to the south. He also wanted to fight the Muslims even harder. [eng] |
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Ширвани Гаджи Зейналабдин
(1780-~1838) — азербайджанский путешественник и географ. Почти всю свою жизнь — около сорока лет — провел в путешествиях по различным странам Азии и Африки. Путь его пролегал через хребты Гиндукуша и Каракорума, через выжженные солнцем песчаные пустыни Аравии и Египта, тропические леса Индии. Он прошел более шестидесяти тысяч километров, что в полтора раза больше длины окружности экватора. [rus] |
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Discoverers Web: Covilhao
Portuguese traveller (c.1450-c.1524). Born at Covilha in Beira, Pero da Covilhгo had, in his early years, moved to Castile, where he had for seven years been employed in the service of the duke of Medina Sidonia, in Seville. After his return to Portugal in 1474 he had attached himself to King Afonso V and fought in the war of succession for the throne of Castile (1475-79). He also escorted the king on a fruitless journey to France to seek aid from Louis XI. Under Afonso's successor Joгo II, Covilhгo served as a Portuguese spy, being sent on missions to Tlemcen and Fez, where he learnt Arabic. [eng] |
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Americans in the Egyptian Army: Charles Chaille-Long
Charles Chaillй-Long was a fascinating man. A captain in the Maryland Volunteers with no battle experience, he entered the service of the Khedive as a lieutenant colonel. For four years, he was moved from post to post, but used his time to learn Arabic. [eng] |
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Discoverers Web: Diogo Cao
In 1482 King Joгo II (= John II) of Portugal revived interest in the quest for a sea route around Africa to India, and the first of the newly commissioned voyages was that of Diogo Cгo. He left Portugal in midsummer (?) 1482, and coasted West Africa as far as Elmina (in present Ghana) where he took on provisions. Crossing to the Central African coast at Santa Catarina he anchored first in the Bay of Loango, then continued south, placing a stone pillar (padroe) dedicated to St. George at Sгo Antonio de Zaira (= Shark Point), on the southern bank of the mouth of the Rio Poderoso (= Congo, Zaire R.). [eng] |
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Lбszlу Almбsy: the real English patient
(1895-1951), the important Hungarian desert researcher is a real person, while its character in the Oscar- winner film, The English patient, is mostly fictious. The task of this web page is to give a short biography of one of the last romantic geographic explorers of our planet. [eng | deu | hun] |
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Идриси
(1100-1161 или 1165), арабский путешественник по Пиренейскому п-ову, Франции, Англии, М. Азии. По поручению сицилийского короля Рожера II создал карту мира и «Книгу Рожера» — ценный источник по истории и исторической географии Европы и Африки. [rus] |
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Biography: Charles de Foucauld, hermit, servant of the poor (1 Dec 1916)
Charles Eugene, viscount of Foucauld, was born in 1858. He served as a French Army officer in Algieria beginning in 1881, and prepared a mapping of oases in Morocco in 1883. In 1886 he underwent a religious conversion, and in 1890 he joined a Trappist monastery, but soon left to become a solitary hermit in Palestine. In 1901 he went to Algeria, where he eventually settled at Tamanrasset and there lived the life of a missionary priest and prepared a Taureg dictionary. He was killed in an anti-French uprising on 1 December 1916, by those who said that his goodness tended to create friendly feelings toward the French. [eng] |
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