MavicaNET - Explorers: Africa

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Explorers: Africa
	Catalogo / Cultura / Scienza / Scienze del mondo inorganico / Scienze della Terra / Geografia / Geografia: Per regioni / Geografia: Africa / Explorers: Africa
	Catalogo / Cultura / Scienza / Scienze del mondo inorganico / Scienze della Terra / Geografia / Scoperte geografiche e viaggi / Explorers / Explorers: Africa

Al-Idrisi (1100-1166) [1]	Caillié, René (1799–1838) [5]	Herodotus (ca. 484-425 B.C.) [20]
Albuquerque, Afonso de (1453–1515) [3]	Cameron, Verney Lovett (1844–94) [6]	Heyerdahl, Thor (1914-2002) [7]
Andersson, Karl Johan (1827–67) [2]	Cano, Juan Sebastián del (1476–1526) [2]	Ibn Battuta, Abu Abdullah Muhammad (c.1304-c.1369) [11]
Baker, Sir Samuel White (1821–93) [8]	Clapperton, Hugh (1788–1827) [7]	Leo Africanus (1465–1550) [7]
Barth, Heinrich (1821-1865) [9]	Cousteau, Jacques-Yves (1910–1997) [8]	Livingstone, David (1813-1873) [8]
Beke, Charles Tilstone (1800-1874) [5]	Cumming, Roualeyn Gordon (1820-1866) [4]	Nachtigal, Gustav (1834-1885) [3]
Burckhardt, Johann Ludwig (1784–1817) [5]	Da Gama, Vasco (circa 1469-1524) [8]	Pinto, Fernao Mendes (1510-1583) [6]
Burton, Richard Francis (1821–90) [13]	Dias (Diaz) de Novaes, Bartholomeu (1450-1500) [6]	Stanley, Henry Morton (1841-1904) [8]
Cabral, Pedro Alvares (1467-1520) [9]	Eberhardt, Isabelle (1877-1904) [5]	Strabo [10]
Cadamosto, Luigi da (1432?-1488) [5]	Henry the Navigator [24]

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GREECE
In 510 B.C., Scylax , a Greek in the Persian Navy, was one of the first to record his travels along the coastlines of India and Egypt. First he traveled overland to the source of the Indus River in the Hindu Kush Mountains of Afghanistan. He then set sail down the river to the Arabian Sea. [eng]

1Up Info - Bada y Leblich, Domingo (Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors) - Encyclopedia
Spanish traveler, known as Ali Bey. Posing as a Muslim, he set out from Cádiz (1803) and traveled through N Africa, Syria, and Arabia, reaching Mecca, of which he fixed the position astronomically. He wrote Voyage d' Ali Bey en Asie et en Afrique (1814). [eng]

Richard Lemon Lander: Explorer of West Africa - EnchantedLearning.com
Richard Lemon Lander (1804-1834) was an English explorer who made three trips to West Africa; he and his brother John were the first Europeans to canoe down the lower Niger River to its delta (where it meets the sea). [eng]

PHOENICIANS
Little is known of the origins of this group of traders, though their roots are in the eastern Mediterranean. Driven by the desire to acquire new and more cost-effective sources of raw materials and to sell their products to markets other than in their homeland, the Phoenicians covered enormous distances. They were among the first to trace routes to the western Mediterranean and beyond the Pillars of Hercules (the Straits of Gibraltar) toward the Atlantic coasts of Africa and Europe. [eng]

Gil Eannes: Explorer of Coastal Africa - EnchantedLearning.com
Gil Eannes (15th century) was a Portuguese explorer who was the first European to sail beyond the dreaded Cape Bojador and return (sailing for Prince Henry). Cape Bojador is on the coast of Africa just below latitude 27° North (off the western Sahara Desert). This feat was amazing because Cape Bojador had frequent, violent storms and strong currents. Mariners told legends of a "Green Sea of Darkness" beyond this cape, from which there was no return. Eannes' journey in 1434 opened the African coast to navigators, and, soon, many Europeans were exploring the coast of Africa and beyond. [eng]

1Up Info - Lander, Richard Lemon (Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors) - Encyclopedia
1804–34, English explorer. He accompanied Clapperton to the Niger River in 1827 and brought back Clapperton's journal, which was published (1829) with an account of Lander's return to the coast. Accompanied by his brother John Lander (1807–39), he led an expedition (1830–31) to determine the course of the lower Niger and discovered that the river emptied into the Bight of Benin. [eng]

1Up Info - Pinto, Fernгo Mendes (Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors) - Encyclopedia
1509–1583, Portuguese traveler. For some 20 years he traveled in Africa and Asia, journeying to far places and experiencing great hardships, including years as a slave. His account, Peregrinação [wanderings] (1614), is one of the most colorful narratives of world travel literature. [eng]

1Up Info - Du Chaillu, Paul Belloni (Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors) - Encyclopedia
1831–1903, French-American explorer in Africa. Born probably in Paris, he spent his youth on the west coast of Africa, where his father was a trader in Gabon. There he learned the native languages and became interested in exploring the interior. Arriving in the United States in 1852, he became a citizen and gained the support of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences for an expedition to explore Gabon. On his explorations (1855–59), he captured many rare birds and animals, some of them previously unknown to science. [eng]

1Up Info - Orléans, Henri Philippe Marie, prince d' (Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors) - Encyclopedia
1867–1901, French explorer and author, b. England; son of Robert, duke of Chartres. After a journey (1889) from Siberia to Siam, by way of Tibet, and a visit (1892) to SE Africa, he left (1895) Hanoi to complete the earlier work of M. J. F. Garnier on the Mekong River in Indochina. He traveled as far as the Brahmaputra, established the fact that the Thanlwin (Salween) originates in Tibet (now in China), and also discovered the source of the Ayeyarwady. [eng]

1Up Info - Park, Mungo (Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors) - Encyclopedia
1771–1806, British explorer in Africa, b. Selkirk, Scotland. After serving as a surgeon with the East India Company, he was employed by the African Association to explore the course of the Niger River. Traveling NE from the Gambia River, he reached the Niger at Segu and proceeded 300 mi (483 km) upstream to Bamako. [eng]

1Up Info - Marchand, Jean Baptiste (Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors) - Encyclopedia
1863–1934, French explorer and general. Sent to Africa (1897) to establish French control of the headwaters of the White Nile, Marchand led a heroic trek through uncharted terrain. In 1898 he established a post at Fashoda (now Kodok) and resisted dervish attacks. When Lord Kitchener arrived with a large British force, France and England stood at the brink of war; the Fashoda Incident ended with Marchand's withdrawal. Marchand fought in China in the Boxer Uprising (1900) and held a command in France in World War I. [eng]

1Up Info - Emin Pasha (Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors) - Encyclopedia
1840–92, German explorer, whose original name was Eduard Schnitzer. A physician, he served (1876–78) under Gen. Charles Gordon in Sudan as a district medical officer. In 1878 he succeeded Gordon as governor of Equatoria, the southernmost province of the Egyptian Sudan. In 1885 he was cut off from the outside world by the Mahdist uprising, and several European explorers : including Sir H. M. Stanley : were sent to rescue him. Although his position was not desperate, he agreed (1889) at length to accompany Stanley to Mombasa. [eng]

1Up Info - Bruce, James (Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors) - Encyclopedia
1730–94, Scottish explorer in Africa. He explored Roman ruins in N Africa (1755) from Tunis to Tripoli and visited Crete, Rhodes, and Asia Minor. In 1768 he traveled down the Red Sea as far as the straits of Bab el Mandeb. From Massawa he struck inland for Gondar, then the capital of Ethiopia. He rediscovered (1770) the source of the Blue Nile, which he followed (1771) to its confluence with the White Nile. [eng]

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